Costs and Benefits of Involving Employees in Decision Making Essay

Expenses and Benefits of Involving Employees in Decision Making - Essay Example This presents a wide scope of the two difficulties and benefits, and includes another perspective for some associations. The level that representatives are engaged with dynamic contrasts significantly between various associations. At times, the point is to give workers a voice, however no critical job during the time spent dynamic, while in different circumstances, representatives have a generous impact in how the association is overseen and the choices that are made . Inside the European Union, the most widely recognized kind of representative voice program that is being utilized is that of circuitous voice. This includes the utilization of aggregate portrayal of workers, for example, through associations or comparative structures . Notwithstanding, the association of associations keeps on diminishing around the world, and businesses are going to different intends to comprehend the wants of their workers. In spite of the fact that including workers in dynamic in a business gives num erous advantages, for example, expanded dedication and productivity, there are additionally related expenses. As a term, representative voice can be characterized as the manner by which workers can communicate their assessments concerning dynamic, productive thoughts and work exercises that bring about change inside the organization that they are a piece of . An increasingly expansive definition considers not just worker contribution to the zone of dynamic, yet representatives ‘speaking up’ in any conditions . For the conversation that follows, the main definition given will be utilized. It depends on the possibility of workers having the option to have a ‘say’ in the activity of the organization, to feel included and to feel like their conclusions are applicable to the organization . From numerous points of view, representative voice can be considered as taking into account a kind of majority rules system to happen inside the work place . Two key component s of this are representative association and support. These two terms are treated as the equivalent in many exploration papers on the subject; nonetheless, they have altogether various implications. For representatives to be associated with business choices implies that they are kept educated regarding what choices are being settled on, the explanations behind these choices and they recommendations might be tuned in to. Be that as it may, the workers by and large have little force, and generally their choices are overlooked. Conversely, support implies that the worker has a functioning job in the business choices, for example, having a representative delegate on the board or having workers being associated with center gathering when significant choices are being made. In these conditions, the workers have more force, and their feelings can bring about genuine change in the organization. Generally associations have been viewed as a methods for voicing the interests of the laborers to their bosses, especially regarding pay, rights and on account of working environment questions. Associations are predominant across businesses and nations and their impact can be problematic to organizations, for example, through strikes and different types of aggregate activity. Inside Ireland, an examination found that roughly 50% of all businesses perceived an association inside their working environment, and around 38% of representatives were engaged with an association. This contrasted altogether across divisions. In the private part, short of what 33% of all representatives were individuals from an association and just 44% of organizations perceived an association. Interestingly, inside the open part, 91% of organizations had an association and that's only the tip of the iceberg

Essays -sas-ETHICS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Expositions - sas-ETHICS - Essay Example For instance, a great many people believe that in the event that you are carrying out your responsibility, on the off chance that you are appearing on schedule, and on the off chance that you are tuning in to what your manager says to do, at that point you are demonstrating a decent hard working attitude. On the off chance that you are not doing these things, at that point they state you have a poor hard working attitude. We can likewise separate the two words. For instance, work is the thing that a great many people would know as something we do so as to get paid. It is additionally something that could be characterized as a vocation, a drudgery, or something that simply must be done in any case (Miller, n.d.). Work is something that everybody must do at some point in their life and it tends to be working for something different or working for themselves. Morals then again are something that every individual makes for their own lives. Hard working attitudes can be characterized as u nwavering quality, reliability, an eagerness to learn, a readiness to work, and an ability to work cooperatively when fundamental (Miller, n.d.). In light of this, we can utilize the case of a kid who is doing their first occupation as a sitter. At the point when somebody enlists a sitter, they are anticipating that the individual should realize how to deal with their youngster, regardless of whether it is a newborn child or small kid.

Oasis free essay sample

In January, as I tuned in to lead vocalist NoelGallagher on the radio I could tell I was in for a goodbye. He wasbelting All Around the World live over the neighborhood radiostation. Traffic on the Washington, D.C. expressway was sponsored up witheager agents on their way home. At the point when we at long last got to GeorgeMason University in Fairfax, Virginia, my contemplations were affirmed. Notonly was the parking area pressed, the arena was likewise incredibly crowded.Even however we showed up before the expected time, we despite everything needed to sit genuinely high yet at agood seeing separation. The initial band, Cornershop, was good.They appeared to be somewhat tense from the outset, however before long extricated up. They beganwith a couple of tunes from their first collection, When I Was Born For TheFirst Time. The group was eager to hear the familiarBrimful of Asha and immediately chimed in. Cornershopsperformance was short, enduring 30 minutes, however the group was on edge forthe headliner. We will compose a custom paper test on Desert garden or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page In the wake of being cautioned commonly not to toss thingsat the phase during Oasis execution, the group started to settle down.Just as things were quiet, Noel Gallagher walked onto the stage withOasis behind him. The bandmates took their individual positions andkicked off their American visit. Their first set was a blend of melodies fromtheir three collections: Definitely Maybe, (Whats TheStory) Morning Glory? what's more, their most recent, Be HereNow. Around seventy five percent through their show, Oasis leftthe stage and just Noel returned. He sat on a stool place stage withhis acoustic guitar, and sang a couple of tunes including Dont GoAway. Individuals got out their lighters and started to influence. Everyonewas chiming in. At the point when Noel completed his set, his bandmatesreturned and they played the remainder of their show. The crowd was miserable tosee the night found some conclusion. The group needed a reprise so seriously thatwe applauded ten continous minutes. At last, the band restored, a bitsurprised over the determination of the crowd. Liam Gallagher,tambourine close by, started singing, Be Here Now. It was agreat approach to end the show. I made some awesome memories and would suggest toanyone who gets the opportunity, go see this progressive band.

How to Improve Higher Ed Student Retention Rates

One major challenge many four-year colleges and universities face today is student retention. A substantial number of students are starting college only to drop out at some point. When students don't make it to graduation, it's costly for both the students themselves and the universities they leave behind. Related: Higher education marketing—crucial strategies & trends Data from the NSC Research Center found on average 61.6% of entering freshman in 2016 returned to school the following fall semester. 73.9% of freshman returned to the same university or transferred to continue their studies. Retention rates among white and Asian students tend to be higher while black and hispanic students fall below average. Among black students, only 52.5% continued school at the university they originally enrolled in. But before you create a plan to address student retention, it's important to first understand what's causing students to drop out. Cost. The costs of higher education have been rising continually, and if students can't receive financial aid, then staying enrolled at college can be difficult for many to afford. Homesickness. When students begin their college careers, many don't know anyone else at the university. If students have difficulty making connections with peers around them, homesickness and loneliness can cause students to drop out. Unclear expectations. Adjusting from high school to university can be difficult for many first-year students with certain expectations regarding academic success as they discover different expectations in college. While these three challenges merely scratch the surface of student retention concerns at universities, there are solutions that can help any college create a student retention plan. These five steps will help you to create a retention plan that will fit the unique needs of students at your university. Know your students To help your student body overcome the obstacles they encounter during their educational journey, you first have to know your student body. What are the biggest issues facing the students at your university? Finances, mental health, isolation, lack of resources? It's hard to find a solution if you don't first find the root of the problem. To figure out what your students need, collect data on which programs and resources on campus are already being used. Poll your student body to find out what challenges they're facing. Create an open dialogue with your faculty so they can address the problems they see affecting their students. By gathering this information, you can brainstorm and try new approaches to helping your students succeed. Define student success Based on your research, define what student success looks like at your university. This could include the rate of students making it to graduation, the time it takes students to graduate, improved learning outcomes, experiential learning, or more employed students at graduation. This definition will vary for each school, depending on the different programs available. Once you've crafted this definition, share it with your faculty, staff and student body. This gives the entire campus a common goal to work toward. When students understand what success looks like within your institution, they'll be more prepared to do the things they need to reach success. Many students enter college unsure of what it means to be a successful college student, and creating this clear goal for them can help them better adapt to college. Empower your students with resources Many college students move away from home to attend school and may feel isolated in a new, possibly foreign environment. They'll be learning to live on their own while also handling research projects and trying to pass their finals. When faced with these overwhelming difficulties, it might seem easier to the student to drop out. By providing resources to your student body, you give them the power to overcome these challenges. Some resources that can be invaluable to students include: Financial services Writing center Tutoring center Counseling Workshops for test-taking skills Outreach and engagement centers Student unions and clubs LGBTQ+ support organizations The options for resources are limitless, and by understanding your student body, you can create organizations that help your students feel empowered. Set up an intervention network The earlier students get help when they're facing problems, the better their chances are for overcoming challenges and finding success at school. This is a process that takes everyone contributing to be effective. This means that professors might need to receive training on how to recognize students who are beginning to struggle. As a university, you need to establish warning signs for professors to watch for in their students. Professors can then refer these students to counselors or advisors who can reach out with resources and information that can help them. It's encouraging for students to know there are people at the university who care about them and who notice when they're missing class or struggling to keep up. Create a community Many first-year students come to college knowing very few people there, if any at all. It's vital to help those students make connections and friendships that make them feel like they belong at the university. Helping students find their community can keep homesickness at bay. Creating learning communities and clubs while providing volunteer opportunities in the community can help students make valuable connections with others. Getting involved on and off campus also gives students the opportunity to gain experience for their future career. "It's important for students to figure out what they don't want to do, so they can figure out what they want to do. College is a great time to experiment by volunteering with local organizations and highlighting some potential career paths. Students have so many different pathways that they can take as they begin their own lives and make their own choices." — Dustin Ramsdell, Helping College Students Build Community Connections Key takeaways First-year students and transfer students from community colleges often feel overwhelmed by the challenges of starting their academic career at a new university. Universities can help smooth that transition and increase the success rates of their students by implementing a student retention plan. These retention plans should encompass ideas for the following five areas: Know your students Define student success Empower your students with resources Set up an intervention network Create student communities By focusing on these five areas as you create a student retention plan, you can increase your students' success rates and create happy, successful alumni. Is your school delivering a strong, consistent message with its brand marketing? Learn more in our free ebook: Branding in student recruitment

Supply And Demand Terms Of The Microeconomics - 866 Words

Supply and demand terms are included in the Microeconomics. Both can be shown using diagrams and they also can be affected by some specific determinants. The equilibrium price comes from supply and demand curves and it depends on the movement of each. All the above can be affected by the Governments decisions such as changes at the minimum wage. First and foremost the amount of a product that a consumer is willing to buy depends on its price. The more expensive the product is, the less is the amount that the consumer is able and willing to pay for it. That is demand. In this way the demand curve show the willingness to buy according to the prices. The price and the quantity are inversely, this means that if the one gets high then the other will decrease and reversely. The Demand curve But the price is not the only determinant that can cause changes .There are also some other determinants that can affect the Demand curve such as : †¢ The substitute goods. In more detail if the price increase in a product then the consumers will prefer to buy its substitute and its demand will increase. For example if the price of pork raises the demand for lamp will rose. †¢ The complementary goods. There are some good that usually comes together such as coffee and sugar. As a result, if people reduce the demand for coffee then the demand for sugar will also decrease. Supply is the amount of goods or services that suppliers areShow MoreRelatedSupply and Demand Simulation983 Words   |  4 Pages   ECO365 Supply and Demand Simulation Student Name ECO/365 – Principles of Microeconomics Instructor Name Date Introduction Supply and Demand is a phrase that every one hears in one way or another, Supply and demand phrase according to Colander, (2010) is the most used phrase by economist and the reason is because the phrase provides a good â€Å"off-the-cuff† answer for many question that have to do with economy. Example why are interest rates to Low? Because supply and demand. Why is GasolineRead MoreThe Demand And Supply Theory Of Microeconomics1055 Words   |  5 Pagesscience and is central to the concerns and problems around the globe† (2003). Microeconomics covers the micro aspects viz. fundamentals, elements of demand and supply, costs, production formation, revenue, markets etc. (Samuelson and Nordhaus, 2003). With that being said, a good knowledge of these above listed aspects is necessary for management students as well as managers. Therefore, a thorough understanding of microeconomics and its principles is vital for effective decision-making. However, sinceRead MoreEco 365 Supply and Demand Simulation Essay855 Words   |  4 PagesSupply and Demand Simulation ECO/365 November 26, 2012 The purpose of this paper is to discuss the Supply and Demand simulation from the student website. The idea is to identify two microeconomic and two macroeconomic principles present in the simulation and to explain why these principles are categorized as macro or microeconomic. The paper will also determine one shift of the supply curve and one shift of the demand curve from the simulation, as well as why theseRead MoreEconomics Affects Our Daily Life1576 Words   |  7 Pagesvarious desires. Different aspects of economy analyzes and studies production, factors of production, demand and supply analysis, consumption, distribution, market structure etc. Question 1 Economics can be classified into two main branches, which are macroeconomics and microeconomics. Macroeconomics refers to study of economic aggregates (aggregate demand, aggregate supply etc.) while Microeconomics refers to study of behavior and performance of individual parts of economy such as firm or householdRead MoreHow Different Aspects Of Economics Affect The Consumer And How Helpful It Is1228 Words   |  5 Pagesthe consumer and how helpful it is for people to understand them. Different economic ideas and concepts will be explained in detail and will include examples displaying how it applies to the average consumer. The vocabulary being explained will be terms that will indefinitely affect every consumer and will show how important it is for society to be familiar with economics. â€Æ' Introduction To Economics Music Video Essay Every consumer, whether they realize it or not, participate in activities thatRead MoreMicroeconomic Definition of Terms1208 Words   |  5 PagesDefinition of Terms Everyone needs to eat and many people will use a grill to cook their food. In looking at the supply and demand of barbecue grills, several terms will be defined, including economics, microeconomics, the law of supply, and the law of demand. Many factors can lead to a change in supply and demand, which will be reviewed prior to looking at an analysis of trends in barbecue grill consumption patterns. This detailed and difficult analysis is critical to businesses. DefinitionRead MoreUop Eco 365 Week 2 Individual Assignment1003 Words   |  5 PagesWeek 2 Assignment – Supply and Demand Simulation Week 2 Individual Assignment – Supply and Demand Simulation This week’s assignment examined the effects of supply and demand on the pricing and availability of real world goods. In this instance, the simulation looked at pricing and availability of two bedroom apartments in the fictional city of Atlantis. The simulation takes a look at several different situations, outside market factors and governmental influence. By going through the simulationRead MoreArticle Analysis for Economics1636 Words   |  7 PagesPrinciples of Microeconomics ECO/365 Professor James Harris III Aug 7, 2008 Article Analysis The article that will be used for this analysis is â€Å"Supply, demand, and the Internet-economic lessons for microeconomic principles courses† by Fred Englander and Ronald L. Moy. There will be definitions for the following economics, microeconomics, Law of supply and the Law of demand. Another subject that will be discussed is the identification of factors that lead to the changes in supply and demand. In orderRead MoreMacroeconomics and Its Impact669 Words   |  3 Pageseconomy as a whole, in contrast to microeconomics, which looks at the decisions made by firms and individuals (Investopedia, 2011). Most business majors have a good understanding of microeconomics because supply and demand help explain the individual supply chains that professionals will confront in the workplace. However, one simply cannot understand microeconomics without understanding macroeconomics because larger economic forces help impact part and supply pricing that lead to fluctuations inRea d MoreMicroeconomics Is The Branch Of Economics That Studies And Analyzes The Market Behavior Of Both Individual Firms Essay1384 Words   |  6 PagesMicroeconomics is the branch of economics that studies and analyzes the market behavior of both individual firms and consumers, that help to understand the decision-making process of those individuals. Microeconomics analyzes the relationships between both the buyers and sellers as it studies the factors that influence both parties. Microeconomics focuses on the supply and demand of products and how small businesses price those items. Macroeconomics, however, focuses on the national’s economy as

A Brief Look at Steve Jay Gould - 903 Words

A five-year old boy and his father walk through the American Museum of Natural History in New York (â€Å"World Biography†). They explore the exhibits, but one in particular stands out to the child. In front of him stands a Tyrannosaurus rex. The five-year old boy was Stephen Jay Gould. He is quoted saying, â€Å"As we stood in front of the beast, a man sneezed; I gulped and prepared to utter my Sherman Yisrael. But the great animal stood immobile in all its bony grandeur, and as we left, I announced that I would be a paleontologist when I grew up,† (qtd. in â€Å"World Biography†). This proclamation was the beginning to a long and successful career in paleontology and evolution. Stephen was born September 10, 1941 in New York, New York (â€Å"World Biography†). His mother’s name was Eleanor and she was an artist (â€Å"World Biography†). His father’s name was Leonard (â€Å"World Biography†). He was a court reporter and an unpaid naturalist on the side (â€Å"World Biography†). As a child, Stephen’s mother and three elementary school teachers supported his desire to learn about evolution. When he was eleven, he was well on his way to reading multiple books on the theory of evolution and Darwin’s beliefs (â€Å"World Biography†). This passion for science and the understanding of life followed him to high school. He was faced with the need to defend his belief of evolution when creationists challenged him (â€Å"World Biography†). Gould finished high school and went on to attend the University of Colorado in BoulderShow MoreRelatedAccounting 1-4 Chapter100452 Words   |  402 PagesRead Text and Answer Do it! p. 5 p. 11 p. 18 p. 20 Work Using the Decision Toolkit Review Summary of Study Objectives Work Comprehensive Do it! p. 23 Answer Self-Test Questions Complete Assignments Go to WileyPLUS for practice and tutorials Read A Look at IFRS p. 42 study objectives After studying this chapter, you should be able to: 1 Describe the primary forms of business organization. 2 Identify the users and uses of accounting information. 3 Explain the three principal types of business activityRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesed. p. cm. Includes indexes. ISBN-13: 978-0-13-283487-2 ISBN-10: 0-13-283487-1 1. Organizational behavior. I. Judge, Tim. II. Title. HD58.7.R62 2012 658.3—dc23 2011038674 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN 10: 0-13-283487-1 ISBN 13: 978-0-13-283487-2 Brief Contents Preface xxii 1 2 Introduction 1 What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Individual 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Diversity in Organizations 39 Attitudes and Job Satisfaction 69 Emotions and Moods 97 Personality and Values 131 Perception andRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesusual focus on the two superpowers INTRODUCTION †¢ 7 to look at â€Å"nuclear politics,† which encompasses both state initiatives and popular dissent, in former but diminished national great powers such as France and Great Britain and in emerging and aspiring high-tech states of very different sorts in Israel, India, and China. Equally impressive in terms of the global range of questions they include, Hecht and Edwards look at the impact of the nuclear nations’ quest for viable, stable sources

Environment and Planning Government and Policy

Question: Discuss about the Environment and Planning for Government and Policy. Answer: Introduction: In the given case, Michael is a surgeon by profession and has keen interest in gardening. Michael has taken various gardening courses and he often sells his flowers to friends. During the year, Michael has earned $350000.00 per year as a surgeon and $8000.00 from the sales of flower. In this case, the issue is to determine whether the income received from sales of flower is assessable in hands of Michael. In the given case, the sections of the act, Taxation Ruling and the court case that has been applied for determining the issues are given below: section 4-1 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997; section 4-10 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997; section 4-15 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997; section 6-5 of the Income Tax Assessment 1997; section 6-10 of the Income Tax Assessment 1997; 6-20 of the income tax Assessment Act 1997; section 8-1 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997; Taxation Ruling 97/11; Evans V FCT (1989); Martin V FCT (1953); Ferguson V FCT (1979); Application The section 4-1 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 states that income tax is required to be paid by every individual, company and other entities. The section 4-10 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 states that on each financial year the taxpayer is required to pay tax. The determination of tax payable is determined after referring to the taxable income. The section 4-15 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 provides that from assessable income the deduction under section 8-1 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 is deducted to calculate the taxable income. The assessable income is further classified as ordinary income and statutory income. The section 6-5 of the Income Tax Assessment 1997 states that income according to the general concept is regarded as ordinary income. The section 6-10 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 states that the income that are not covered under section 6-5 of the ITAA 1997 is regarded as statutory income. The section 6-5 and section 6-10 states tha t for resident Australian the income received from all the source is assessable. In this case, Michael a resident Australian therefore all income received from Australian sources are taxable if not specifically exempted under section 6-20 of the income tax Assessment Act 1997. Therefore, the income of $350000.00 received as a surgeon is taxable. However, in case of income from gardening it is important to determine whether he is engaged in business or hobby. It is important because the tax liability and reporting obligation changes depending on whether the activity is business or hobby. In case the activity is hobby, then there is no requirement to pay any additional tax and there is no reporting obligation. The Taxation Ruling 97/11 provides an outline to determine whether a particular activity is to be regarded as business or hobby. In Para 13 of the Taxation Ruling 97/11 it is stated that it was held by the court that the following indicators are important to determine whether the activity is business or hobby: It is to ascertained whether the activity has significant commercial purpose; It is to be ascertained whether the taxpayer has the intention to engage in the business; It is to be determined if the activity is conducted with the purpose of making profit; It is to be determined whether the activity is regularly repeated; It should be determined if the activity is conducted in the similar manner as the ordinary activity of the business; It should be determined if the activity is planned, organized and is carried in the same manner as a business; It is necessary to ascertain the scale, size and stability or permanency of the activity; It should be determined if the activity is best described as a hobby or sporting activity. In the case of Evans V FCT (1989), it was held that one indicator is not considered as decisive and often it is found that significant indicators over lapses each other. In this case therefore various indicators should be evaluated to determine whether gardening is hobby or business. In this case, Michael sells most of flower to friends and other who approach him for arranging the flowers. However, most of the flowers are for distribution in weeding, birthday etc therefore it can be said that there is no significant commercial purpose in taking the activity. From the case, it can be seen that Michael has no intention to carry in the activity as business as it is provided in the case that Michael takes this activity for relaxation. On analyzing the case this can be said that the Michael does not carry on the activity in a systematic and planner manner like a business. Therefore, in order to draw the conclusion the indicators should be combined as a whole and then it should be assessed whether the activity carried on is a business as mentioned in the case of Martin V FCT (1953). It is important to verify if the activity has a commercial flavor as per provided in the case of Ferguson V FCT (1979). Based on the above discussion and the application of Taxation Ruling 97/11 it can be concluded that after considering all the factors as a whole as required in the case of Martin V FCT (1953) it can be said that Michael is not engaged in the activity of business. Therefore income received form gardening is not assessable income as per the ITAA 1997. In this case, Peter Ellis is a financial advisor and he was implicated by Global news as providing fraudulent investment schemes. Peter sued global news and court held that the news report was untrue. He was awarded a compensation of $100000.00 as damage. The issue in this case is to determine whether the compensation amount received for damage should be included in the assessable income. In this case, the flowing laws have been applied in order to ascertain whether the compensation received is taxable: section 6-5 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997; section 6-10 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997; Taxation Ruling 94/D20; Taxation Ruling 95/35; FCT V Sydney Refractory Surgery Centre Pty Ltd (2008); The compensation or damages that is received is taxable as ordinary income under section 6-5 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 or statutory income as per section 6-10 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997. Therefore, based on this provisions it is necessary to determine whether the compensation received should be assessable. The Taxation Ruling 94/D20 deals with the income tax liability of the Compensation payment for personal injury. The Para 3 of the Taxation Ruling 94/D20 states that lump sum or revenue compensation payment received is assessable depending on whether the receipt is of capital nature or that of income nature. It should be noted that the character of receipt in the hands of the recipient is the main determinant for taxability of the compensation. In this case, it can be seen that Peter was awarded the damage and he has received the claim of $100000.00 in lump sum. The Para 28 of the Taxation Ruling 94/D20 further provides that whether a receipt is to be consider ed as assessable income depends on the nature of receipt. The receipt can be of capital nature or that of income nature and this is determined after considering all the circumstances. The Taxation Ruling 95/ 35 deals with the dealing of compensation received by the taxpayer as result of personal injury. The Para 19 of the Taxation Ruling 95/35 states that any compensation that is received by an individual for any personal injury or wrong that is suffered to the profession or vocation is exempted. The compensation that is received by Peter is for the damage that has been caused to personal injury that has been suffered to the profession or vocation. In the case of FCT V Sydney Refractory Surgery Centre Pty Ltd (2008), it was held that if the taxpayer for defamation receives the damage then it is not an assessable income. In this case, the Global news has damaged the reputation of Peter and hence it can be said that compensation is received for defamation. Based on the above discussion it can be said that the compensation received is for defamation. Hence, the damage received is not taxable as per the case of FCT V Sydney Refractory Surgery Centre Pty Ltd (2008). In the given case, the Mabel Renshaw is a successful sales person and she has worked for a company for the last 10 years. She had an excellent knowledge of the product and the company feared that she has the ability to persuade customers to business with her instead of the company. Therefore, the company has paid a sum of $70000.00 to Mabel with the condition that she will not engage in the same business for a period of 5 year. The issue in this case is to determine whether the amount paid to Mabel is an assessable income. The issues in this case is determined after considering the various provisions of the law under ITAA 1997, Taxation rulings and case laws. The laws that have been applied are given below: Brent V Federal (1971); section 6-5 of the Income tax Assessment Act 1997; Taxation Ruling 94/D33; The Australian employer uses various clauses that restrict the right of the employees post employment. This clause contains various restrictions or restrictive covenants. These clauses are applied to limit the capacity of the employee to compete against the company. In this, case the company has entered into contract with Mabel and it restricts her right to enter into the same business. Therefore, it can be said that the agreement entered into by the company and Mabel is of the nature of restrictive covenant. The common law doctrine stated that it is not appropriate to restrict the rights of others to enter into business and any such agreement to restrict the competition is considered as void. The restrictive covenant is complementary to the common law because under this agreement the restrictive clause that is applied to an employee for a period is valid in the eyes of the common. Therefore, it can be said that the agreement that is made by Mabel with the company is valid. That mean s it needs to be determined whether the compensation received for restriction is assessable or not. In the case of Brent V Federal (1971), it was consider whether the income is of ordinary nature or that of capital nature. The case also determines whether the income is assessable when it was earned or derived. The case held that the amount received in the nature of restrictive covenant is taxable in the hands of the receipt. The agreement amount should be treated as ordinary income under section 6-5 of the Income tax Assessment Act 1997. Conclusion Based on the above discussion it can be said that the agreement between the Mabel and the company is in the nature of restrictive covenant. It is because the right of Mabel was restricted by the agreement to enter into the business. The compensation that was given by the company to Mabel was assessable as per the case of Brent V Federal (1971). Reference Barkoczy, S., 2016. Core tax legislation and study guide.OUP Catalogue. Binning, C. and Young, M., 2015.TALKING TO THE TAXMAN ABOUT NATURE CONSERVATION_Proposals for the introduction of tax incentives for the protection of high conservation value native vegetation. Brown, C., Handley, J. and O'Day, J., 2015. 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